10/4/2023 0 Comments Can entropy be negativeAnd how much motion they're allowed Toe display in a solid. Okay, remember, the only difference between a solid liquid and gas is how much energy these molecules have okay. And the reason is because the molecules are now gonna have greater vibrational freedom. Okay, if I can transfer form something from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid toe a gas, that's going to be a more probable arrangement. Okay, um, so let's go into the second one. Meaning that they're in tropically favored. But there's lots of examples in organic chemistry of reactions that make more molecules than they start off with. So now the more pieces I could break it into the Maurin tropically favored. You take large hydrocarbons and you turn them into smaller ones by using high heat, high heat then makes the entropy part of the equation very, very favored. And that's why thermal cracking is favored. Which one's gonna be more probable? The one where it's scattered. One is that I have all of the molecules perfectly arranged, that they're all in a line or all of the molecules scattered all over the place. Okay, So what that means is, the chances are that if I have to systems that of equal energy. So why would these long hydrocarbons break? The reason is because at high enough temperature, what starts to happen is that if we could break one molecule into molecules, right, that's gonna be in tropically favored, because now I can arrange those molecules in different orders. Okay, Why would this be a favorite reaction? Okay, it actually takes energy to break those bonds. And what happens is that thes long hydrocarbons spontaneously start breaking into smaller pieces. Then they put them with hydrogen and high heat. You can't put them in your car or anything. Okay, This is used by the petroleum industry to take large hydrocarbons, ones that don't really do anything. All right, so here's a really good example. Lee favored Why? Because what it does is it allows us to arrange these molecules in more ways. So, um, any reaction that's gonna make more moles of equipment, more moles of molecules, arm or equivalents of molecules after the reaction is over is gonna be entropic. The first one is increasing the number of molecules in reaction. Okay, so that will be That should be really clear in a little bit when I go back to the equation. Okay, so let's talk about these three phenomenon that make reactions more probable or make Delta Esco up, and it turns out that all of them are gonna be favored. But I'm just saying that in the absence of this being just a simple algebra problem, you're not gonna be asked just to calculate with the Delta s is of oven environment. If you're given the tea and adult h and adult Aggie, Then sure, you could just use algebra to figure out Delta s. Is this gonna be higher entropy or lower entropy? Okay, now there is one situation where you might calculate Delta s, and that's if you're given every other variable. We don't want to figure out the exact number we just want to figure out. Okay, but what you are going to be asked to do, okay, is you're gonna be asked to analyze if something is going to have a positive delta s or negative Delta s on. Okay? And it turns out that we're never gonna have to calculate the entropy in terms of calculating the entropy of the surrounding environment or the entropy of a system, because the fact that we don't have really the tools to analyze that in Oracle One. So if you have a negative value, that means you're entropy is getting smaller, or it's getting more ordered. That means that your entries getting bigger. Okay, because remember that basically a positive value means that it's more disordered. A negative value is gonna b'more ordered. Remember that we define that Entropy says that, um, a positive. Is this gonna be statistically more probable or statistically less probable? And that is what entropy is. Okay, so basically, what we do in with entropy is we have to analyze. Really? Okay, So what that means is that even if a reaction is highly eggs a thermic like if you talk about bond dissociation, energies and entropy, that's do with eggs A thermic but the level of order that it requires might make it statistically improbable. Okay? And that's what entropy has to do with it Has to do with probability. Statistically, it's more likely to be in the disordered state. Okay, so that means that if we have two different states, one is highly ordered and one is not as ordered. And what that is is that entropy is the tendency of a sense system to take its most probable form. I would rather go with an easier definition, Okay. Okay, but that's a really confusing definition. So entropy, uh, generally stated we said that it was a measure of disorder in the system. And I want to talk about what I would consider the most confusing term of the Gibbs Free Energy equation.
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